Kulcsszavak
Hogyan kell idézni
Absztrakt
Cél: A tanulmány célja azon kutatási eredmények szintetizálása, amelyekben a különböző rendőri populációk személyiségjellemzőit vizsgálták. A tanulmány arra keresi a választ, hogy létezik-e a rendőröket homogén csoportként leíró személyiség, ami megkülönbözteti őket más társadalmi vagy foglalkozási csoportoktól.
Módszertan: Fókuszált szakirodalmi áttekintés a Google Scholar (GS) adatbázisában. A kiválasztási eljárás végére összesen 22 tanulmány beválasztására került sor.
Megállapítások: A tanulmányokat 1973 és 2023 között publikálták. A tanulmányokban bemutatott vizsgálatok összesen hét különböző országban készültek, többségük az Amerikai Egyesült Államokban (USA). A kutatások összesen 21 283 személy eredményeit mutatják be. A kutatásokban többnyire aktív állományú rendőröket (86,4%), kisebb részben pedig rendőr hallgatókat (13,6%), illetve rendőri szolgálatra jelentkezőket (4,6%) vizsgálnak. A kutatásban részt vevők személyiségének vizsgálatára összesen 15 különféle mérőeszközt használtak. A beválasztott kutatások többségének eredménye arra mutat, hogy a rendőrök személyiségjellemzőikben viszonylag homogén egységet alkotnak, s bizonyos mértékben eltérnek más társadalmi vagy foglalkozási csoportoktól. Ezzel ellentétes eredményt a vizsgált tanulmányok 22,7%-a közöl. Nem állapítható egyértelműen az se, hogy a rendőri személyiség a kiválasztási eljárás vagy a szakmai szocializáció eredményeként alakul.
Érték: Jelen tanulmány a rendőri személyiséggel kapcsolatos kutatások eredményeiről nyújt összegző áttekintést. A tanulmány eredményei hasznosíthatók mind a rendőri képzés, mind pedig a napi gyakorlat számára.
Hivatkozások
Abrahamsen, S., & Strype, J. (2010). Are they all the same? Norwegian police officers' personality characteristics and tactics of conflict resolution. Policing and Society, 20(1), 99-123. https://doi.org/10.1080/10439460903377303.
Adlam, R. C. A. (1981). The police personality. In Pope, D. W., & Weiner, N. L. (Eds.), Modern Policing (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003368083.
Allisey, A. F., Noblet, A. J., Lamontagne, A. D., & Houdmont, J. (2014). Testing a Model of Officer Intentions to Quit: The Mediating Effects of Job Stress and Job Satisfaction. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 41(6), 751-771. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854813509987.
Allport, G. W. (1980). A személyiség alakulása. Gondolat Könyvkiadó.
Ash, P., Slora, K. B., & Britton, C. F. (1990). Police Agency Officer Selection Practices. Journal of Police Science and Administration, 17(4), 258-269.
Barrett, G. V., Miguel, R. F., Hurd, J. M., Lueke, S. B., & Tan, J. A. (2003). Practical Issues in the Use of Personality Tests in Police Selection. Public Personnel Management, 32(4), 497–517. https://doi.org/10.1177/009102600303200403.
Barrick, M. R., Mount, M. K., & Judge, T.A. (2001). Personality and performance at the beginning of the new millennium: What do we know and where do we go next? International Journal of Selection and Assessment 9(1-2), 9–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2389.00160
Beutler, L. E., Nussbaum, P. D., & Meredith, K. E. (1988). Changing personality patterns of police officers. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 19(5), 503–507. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.19.5.503.
Biggam, F. H., & Power, K. G. (1996). The personality of the Scottish police officer: The issue of positive and negative affectivity. Personality and Individual Differences, 20(6), 661-667. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(96)00011-6.
Bishop, G. D., Tong, E. M., Diong, S. M., Enkelmann, H. C., Why, Y. P., Khader, M., & Ang, J. C. (2001). The relationship between coping and personality among police officers in Singapore. Journal of Research in Personality, 35(3), 353-374. https://doi.org/10.1006/jrpe.2001.2319
Burbeck, E., & Furnham, A. (1984). Personality and police selection: Trait differences in successful and non-successful applicants to the metropolitan police. Personality and Individual Differences, 5(3), 257-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(84)90064-3
Bureau of Justice Assistance, & Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (2023). Recruitment and Retention for the Modern Law Enforcement Agency. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services.
Chigbu, U. E., Atiku, S. O., & Du Plessis, C. C. (2023). The Science of Literature Reviews: Searching, Identifying, Selecting, and Synthesising. Publications, 11(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/publications11010002.
Chiorri C., Garbarino S., Bracco F., Magnavita N. (2015). Personality traits moderate the effect of workload sources on perceived workload in flying column police officers. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1835. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01835.
Challacombe, D.J., Ackerman, M., & Stones, A. (2019). Personality trait differences in law enforcement officers: The impact of career-related stress and lengths of service. Policing: An International Journal, 42(6), 1081–1096. https://doi.org/10.1108/PIJPSM-01-2019-0004.
Christián L., & Erdős Á. (2020). Vészharang és jubileum? A rendészeti felsőoktatás kilátásai, a tisztjelöltek toborzásának és életpályára állításának nehézségei. Belügyi Szemle, 68(12), 11-42. https://doi.org/10.38146/BSZ.2020.12.1.
Criminal Justice Joint Inspection (2024). Efficiency spotlight report: The impact of recruitment and retention on the criminal justice system. Crown.
Detrick, P., Chibnall, J. T., & Luebbert, M. C. (2004). The revised NEO personality inventory as predictor of police academy performance. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 31(6), 676-694. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854804268751.
Drew, J., Carless, S. A., & Thompson, B. M. (2008). Predicting turnover of police officers using the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire. Journal of Criminal Justice, 36(4), 326–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2008.06.003.
Duda, C. (2021). Personality Dimensions of Male and Female Law Enforcement Recruits Related to Academy Success. Dissertation, University of New Haven.
Du Preez, E., Cassimjee, N., Ghazinour, M., Lauritz, L. E., & Richter, J. (2009). Personality of South African police trainees. Psychological Reports, 105(2), 539-553. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.105.2.539-553.
Erdős Á. (2019). A rendészeti tisztté válás első nehézségei – A gyermeki elképzelések találkozása a realitással. Új Pedagógiai Szemle, 69(1-2), 76-99.
European Commission (2025). EU challenges and priorities. Flash Eurobarometer 569. European Union.
Europol (2025). European Union Serious and Organised Crime Threat Assessment - The changing DNA of serious and organised crime. Publications Office of the European Union
Fabricatore, J., Azen, S., Schoentgen, S., & Snibbe, H. (1978). Predicting performance of police officers using the sixteen personality factor questionnaire. American Journal of Community Psychology, 6(1), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00890100.
Fenster, C. A., & Locke, B. (1973). Neuroticism among policemen: An examination of police personality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 57(3), 358–359. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0034680.
Garbarino, S., Chiorri, C., & Magnavita, N. (2014). Personality traits of the Five-Factor Model are associated with work-related stress in special force police officers. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 87(3), 295–306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-013-0861-1.
Gehanno, J. F., Rollin, L., & Darmoni, S. (2013). Is the coverage of Google Scholar enough to be used alone for systematic reviews. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 13, 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-7.
Gould, L. A. (2000). A longitudinal approach to the study of the police personality: Race/gender differences. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 15(2), 41-51. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02802664.
Gould, L. A., & Funk, S. (1998). Does the stereotypical personality reported for the male police officer fit that of the female police officer. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 13(1), 25-39. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02819064.
Grant, M. J., & Booth, A. (2009). A typology of reviews: an analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies. Health Information & Libraries Journal, 26, 91–108. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-1842.2009.00848.x
Grant S., Langan-Fox J. (2007). Personality and the occupational stressor-strain relationship: The role of the Big Five. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12(1), 20–33. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.12.1.20.
Garbarino, S., Chiorri, C., Magnavita, N., Piattino, S., & Cuomo, G. (2012). Personality profiles of special force police officers. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 27(2), 99-110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-011-9099-6
Griffin, C., & Ruiz, J. (1999). The sociopathic police personality: Is it a product of the “Rotten Apple” or the “Rotten Barrel?”. Journal of Police Criminal Psychology, 14, 28–37. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02813860.
Grubb, A., Brown, S., & Hall, P. (2015). Personality traits and coping styles in UK police officers. Do negotiators differ from their non-negotiator colleagues?. Psychology, Crime & Law, 21(4), 347-374. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2014.989165.
Gudjonsson, G. H., & Adlam, K. R. (1983). Personality patterns of British police officers. Personality and Individual Differences, 4(5), 507-512. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(83)90081-8.
Haddaway, N. R., Collins, A. M., Coughlin, D., & Kirk, S. (2015). The Role of Google Scholar in Evidence Reviews and Its Applicability to Grey Literature Searching. PloS One, 10(9), e0138237. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0138237.
Halevi, G., Moed, H., & Bar-Ilan, J. (2017). Suitability of Google Scholar as a Source of Scientific Information and as a Source of Data for Scientific Evaluation—Review of the Literature. Journal of Informetrics, 11, 823-834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.06.005.
Hanewicz, W. B. (1978). Police personality: A Jungian perspective. Crime & Delinquency, 24(2), 152-172. https://doi.org/10.1177/001112877802400202.
Harper, H., Evans, R. C., Thornton, M., Sullenberger, T., & Kelly, C. (1999). A cross‐cultural comparison of police personality. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, 23(1), 1-15.
Hilal, S., & Litsey, B. (2019). Reducing police turnover: Recommendations for the law enforcement agency. International Journal of Police Science & Management, 22(1), 73-83. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461355719882443.
Hewgley, L. P. (2013). Cognitive personality, and biodata predictors of police academy attrition. Dissertation. Middle Tennessee State University.
Hurtz, G. M., & Donovan, J. J. (2000). Personality and job performance: the big five revisited. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(6), 869–879. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.6.869
Kamarási, V., & Mogyorósy, G. (2015). Szisztematikus irodalmi áttekintések módszertana és jelentősége. Segítség a diagnosztikus és terápiás döntésekhez. Orvosi Hetilap, 156(38), 1523-1531. https://doi.org/10.1556/650.2015.30255.
Koropanovski, N., Kukić, F., Janković, R., Kolarević, D., Subošić, D., & Orr, R. M. (2022). Intellectual Potential, Personality Traits, and Physical Fitness at Recruitment: Relationship with Academic Success in Police Studies. Sage Open, 12(1), https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221079932.
Körmendy K. B., Molnár D., & Horváth T. (2023). Kis review-határozó. Fül-Orr-Gégegyógyászat, 69(2), 67-69.
Laguna, L., Linn, A., Ward, K., & Rupslaukyte, R. (2010). An examination of authoritarian personality traits among police officers: The role of experience. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 25(2), 99-104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-009-9060-0
Lawrence, R. A. (1984). Police stress and personality factors: A conceptual model. Journal of Criminal Justice, 12(3), 247–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/0047-2352(84)90072-2.
Lefkowitz J. (1975). Psychological attributes of policemen: A review of research and opinion. The Journal of Social Issues, 31(1), 3–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1975.tb00736.x
Lorr, M., & Strack, S. (1994). Personality profiles of police candidates. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 50(2), 200-207. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199403)50:2<200::AID-JCLP2270500208>3.0.CO;2-1
Lowdermilk, J. A. (1988). The Psychological Evaluation of Police Officer Candidates: Is there a Police Personality?. Dissertation. Long Beach: California State University.
Mácsár G. (2023). Felsőfokú rendészeti képzésben részt vevő hallgatók pályán maradásának és lemorzsolódásának kérdései. Doktori értekezés, Eszterházy Károly Katolikus Egyetem.
Munn, Z., Peters, M. D., Stern, C., Tufanaru, C., McArthur, A., & Aromataris, E. (2018). Systematic review or scoping review? Guidance for authors when choosing between a systematic or scoping review approach. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 18(1), 143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-018-0611-x
Murrell, M. E., Lester, D., & Arcuri, A. F. (1978). Is the “police personality” unique to police officers?. Psychological Reports, 43(1), 298-298. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1978.43.1.298
Newman-Noon, C. (2022). Job Satisfaction, Personality Traits, Resilience, and Education Level Among Rural Police Officers. Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies. 13642.
Ortega, A., Brenner, S.-O., & Leather, P. (2007). Occupational Stress, Coping and Personality in the Police: An SEM Study. International Journal of Police Science & Management, 9(1), 36-50. https://doi.org/10.1350/ijps.2007.9.1.36
Petasis, A. & Economides, O. (2020). The Big Five Personality Traits, Occupational Stress, and Job Satisfaction. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 5(4), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2020.5.4.410.
Rabrenovic, A. (2018). Challenges in recruitment and selection of the police officers in Montenegro. Strani Pravni Zivot, 62(4), 125-141. https://doi.org/10.5937/spz0-20224
Rossler, M. T., & Scheer, C. (2025). Explaining police officer intentions to leave their career field. Journal of Crime and Justice, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2025.2475182.
Salgado, J. F. (2003). Predicting job performance using FFM and non-FFM personality measures, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 76(3), 323–346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/096317903769647201.
Salters-Pedneault, K., Ruef, A. M., & Orr, S. P. (2010). Personality and psychophysiological profiles of police officer and firefighter recruits. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(3), 210-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.03.037
Sanders, B. A. (2008). Using personality traits to predict police officer performance. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 31, 129–147. https://doi.org/10.1108/13639510810852611
Santos M. R., Jaynes C. M., & Thomas D. M. (2024). Informing the recruitment crisis in policing: Evaluating which incentives can entice the best candidates among college students. Criminology and Public Policy, 23(3), 569-603. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12668.
Schröder, D. (2021). Executive Director’s prologue. European Law Enforcement Research Bulletin, 21, 3-5.
TenEyck, M. F. (2023). The “Police Personality”: Is it Real? Police Quarterly, 27(3), 271–291. https://doi.org/10.1177/10986111231193032.
Topp, B. W., & Kardash, C. A. (1986). Personality, achievement, and attrition: Validation in a multiple-jurisdiction police academy. Journal of Police Science & Administration, 14(3), 234–241.
Turner, L. J. (2003). Police Personality: A comparative analysis of authoritarianism, aggression, and cynicism. Alliant International University.
Tyson, J., & Charman, S. (2023). Leaving the table: Organisational (in)justice and the relationship with police officer retention. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 25(4), 1016-1032. https://doi.org/10.1177/17488958231191648.
Twersky-Glasner, A. (2005). Police personality: What is it and why are they like that? Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 20(1), 56–67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02806707.
Varela, J. G., Boccaccini, M. T., Scogin, F., Stump, J., & Caputo, A. (2004). Personality Testing in Law Enforcement Employment Settings: A Metaanalytic Review. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 31(6), 649-675. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854804268746.
WEF (2025). The Global Risks Report 2025. 20th Edition. World Economic Forum.
White, M. D. (2008). Identifying Good Cops Early: Predicting Recruit Performance in the Academy. Police Quarterly, 11(1), 27-49. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098611107309625.
Wilson, J. M. (2012). ‘Articulating the Dynamic Police Staffing Challenge. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 35(2), 327–355. https://doi.org/10.1108/13639511211230084
Wilson, J. M., Grammich, C. A., Cherry, T., & Gibson, A. (2023). Police Retention: A Systematic Review of the Research. Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice, 17, paac117. https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paac117.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2026 Belügyi Szemle