Kulcsszavak
Hogyan kell idézni
Absztrakt
Cél: A tanulmány célja az amerikai rendőri szervek tagjai ellen intézett, sérülést okozó fegyveres támadások (2010–2019 között) elkövetőinek vizsgálata volt.
Módszertran: A szerző másodlagos adatelemzést végzett a Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA) program adatainak felhasználásával. A kutatás során a 2010 és 2019 között elkövetett olyan támadások ismert elkövetőit vizsgálta, amelyekben az intézkedést végrehajtó rendőri szerv tagja megsérült.
Megállapítások: Az ismert fegyveres elkövetők (n = 903) túlnyomó többsége férfi (94,1%) volt. A férfi elkövetők aránya számottevően magasabb volt a nőkhöz viszonyítva (p < 0,0001; OR = 267,2). A támadók átlag életkora 33 év volt. A támadók többsége a 18–35 éves korcsoportból került ki. A különböző korcsoportok arányai között szignifikáns különbség volt (p < 0,0001). Az ismert támadók mintegy négyötöde (81,2%) a támadást megelőzően is volt már személyi szabadságot korlátozó rendőri intézkedés alatt. Az elkövetők többségének nem volt ismert mentális zavara (90,4%) és korábban nem állt kapcsolatban a megtámadott személlyel (89,4%). Alkohol vagy kábítószer használata a támadók 28,7%-ánál volt igazolt. A korábbi kutatások szerint a rendőrök ellen elkövetett támadások esetében egyértelmű elkövetői profil nem állítható fel. Jelen vizsgálat eredményei azonban arra utalnak, hogy bizonyos jellemzők szignifikánsan nagyobb arányban fordulnak elő az elkövetők között (fiatal, férfi, büntetett előélet, a sértettel nem állt korábban kapcsolatban, nincs ismert mentális zavara).
Érték: A tanulmány a rendészeti gyakorlat számára kiemelten fontos problémát vizsgál. A kutatásban amerikai adatok feldolgozására kerül sor, azonban az eredmények hasznosíthatók a magyar rendészeti szervek és kutatók számára is.
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